유럽 4개국 코로나19 대응 비교·분석: 1차 대유행 중심으로

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been triggering an inevitable change in society. This study aims to derive implications for the health care system after the COVID-19 era by comparing the characteristics of COVID-19 response in major European countries and health care systems and other factors by country. Methods: Italy, Germany, France, and the United Kingdom were included as subjects, taking into account the geopolitical location and health care system. As the situation was updated and academic articles were published simultaneously at the time of the literature review, a comprehensive review of academic papers, institutional reports, publications, and media reports was conducted. Results: European countries Europe countries with a robust public health system and flexible hospital capacity management responded relatively stably to the COVID-19 crisis. To this end, clinicians and public health experts led the active and efficient multidisciplinary research and information sharing, and the health authorities were able to implement bold response policies. From now on, public health crises due to communicable diseases should be regarded as serious threats to human lives, which means to be approached as a health security issue. Health policy should be designed as a means to strengthen national security and to ensure global sustainability. Conclusion: The public health care system, which is an essential element for overcoming the public health emergency, should be strengthened, and multidisciplinary research and information systems should be facilitated.